The following popular science knowledge comes from the Weibo of the well-known online blogger @黑猫中狗 in December 2023 (edited and updated in February 2024), and has been authorized by the blogger.

01

Vomiting

Determine vomitus.

Generally, the common types of vomitus are divided into the following types, which may be mixed: foamy gastric acid, white water gastric acid, yellow water gastric acid, finger-like hair balls, yellow-green bile, yellow-brown bile, mud Shape food, undigested food, foreign bodies.

After the vomiting debuff is added, the cat will try to vomit out everything in its stomach for a period of time. In other words, the kitten will vomit four or five times within an hour, which is counted as one at this moment. .

If you vomit multiple times in a day, vomit after eating, and cannot control it, go to the hospital.

Severe vomiting cannot be suppressed in one day. It is necessary to continue to use suppressive drugs and find the cause of vomiting.

Except for foreign bodies, regardless of the cause, deal with the vomit directly. Wait half an hour to an hour after the cat has vomited completely:

For gastric acid, use slippery elm bark powder (gooey ball) ) and omeprazole (0.7 mg per kilogram of body weight, twice a day)/famotidine (2.5 mg, twice a day)/Daxi (250 mg each time, twice a day) (choose one from three);

For bile and pureed food, use omeprazole/famotidine and serenin (1-2mg per kilogram of body weight, once a day);

Mirtazapine can be used in food It stimulates and assists in suppressing vomiting. When the cat has a loss of appetite and the drugs used do not conflict, mirtazapine transdermal agent should be used as needed.

Vomiting of gastric acidity is common due to excessive hunger. If vomiting of gastric acidity in the early morning is common, the frequency of eating should be adjusted.

. If you suspect a foreign body or undigested food after a few hours (usually mixed with gastric acid), go to the hospital to take an X-ray. Do not stop vomiting if there is a foreign body (including hair) and leave it to the doctor for treatment.

Any medical examination regarding vomiting should include imaging examinations, including X-rays and B-ultrasounds, and endoscopy if necessary.

If there is no foreign body but undigested food or semi-digested food for several hours, additional B-ultrasound test, intestinal motility check, mechanical obstruction/insufficient intestinal motility, metoclopramide and cisapride (twice a day, 2.5mg once).

Blood streaks and pink gastric juice indicate that the vomiting is too severe and has damaged the capillaries. Administer sucralfate (250mg, twice a day)/Fatixin.

Vomiting bright red blood is often caused by foreign body scratches, gastric ulcers, gastric cancer, etc. Be sure to go to the hospital.

To vomit grass, dispose of cat grass. Cat grass itself can easily induce vomiting.

The change of seasons, alternation of hot and cold, stress, and food allergies/intolerances can easily cause vomiting. If you vomit after eating without any foreign matter, you may be intolerant to the ingredients, eat in a hurry, or eat cold. After half an hour, change the food and check it out. You need to control it in time and eliminate the cause.

Hair vomiting is a finger-like hair ball. If hair vomiting occurs, you should block the intake of hair (comb out floating hair) and daily choline intake (liver and eggs) and special large amounts of Fiber intake (a handful of hair flakes, or a thumb-sized paste ball of psyllium husk powder and slippery elm bark powder with a ratio of 2:1, mango fiber can be used for daily intake). If there are no finger-like hair balls in the vomitus, it should be Go investigate the cause of vomiting instead of chewing grass. Vomiting when there is no protruding hair ball and no hair obstruction is found in medical examination is not hair ball vomiting.

. If Serenin tablets are not easy to use, change them into injections. If other tablets cause vomiting, change them into injections. If there are no injections, grind them into powder and pour them into water.

During vomiting, eat cooked food and knead it into paste/liquid food. You must ensure continuous eating.

. Vomiting accompanied by listlessness is common in acute gastroenteritis, acute pancreatitis, hepatitis, fic, etc. When a cat becomes listless and loses appetite, it should go to the hospital without hesitation.

02

Diarrhea

1. If there is no blood, but you suddenly see ordinary soft stools or loose stools, first use a large dose of Brady according to the instructions Yeast (two to three a day. Brady's side effect is constipation, so a large dose is not a big problem). If the effect improves, change the health-care dosage for a week.

If the effect is not good, change glutamine ( 500mg per kilogram of body weight, cut in half (there are also effective cases) for one week,

If the effect is not good, switch to metronidazole (10mg per kilogram of body weight) for one week,

If still not good, turn to chronic diarrhea .

2. There are many causes of chronic diarrhea. I will only talk about the treatment methods. Long-term diarrhea requires long-term resistance. Tylosin (98%, 30mg per kilogram of body weight per day) for six weeks, vb12 (250 micrograms, blue Color box that injection) once a week for six weeks.

3. Change the food. Add a kind of meat and powder for two weeks to test allergens. ps: Many times, raw food will be miraculous, but because the gastrointestinal tract is unstable, the inhibition of bacteria is unstable and may worsen.

4. Fructooligosaccharides and prebiotics can be used as supplements.

5. Fecal transplantation is effective, but there are risks of gastric cancer and obesity, so consider it yourself - healthy poop is also hard to find.

6. Dark green stool may be due to indigestion, and you need to increase pancreatic enzymes every time, but the premise is that the indigestion is really caused by insufficient pancreatic enzymes.

7. New cats or cats that have not had internal and external extermination for a long time can undergo routine internal and external extermination. Extra common parasites require additional examination, such as coccidia, trichomonas with PCR, and giardia with test strips. , coccidia, trichomonas, ronidazole, giardia, metronidazole plus fenbendazole - I can't do anything about the stubborn trichomonas.

8. The blood may just be caused by an injury. Use sucralfate or bismuth subcarbonate tablets while holding the stool normally. For dark red blood, it is best to go for a colonoscopy - the carmine is a bit confusing. Maybe a pot like a powerful can.

9. Drink more water if you have diarrhea, and fasting therapy should not exceed 20 hours.

10. The causes of diarrhea are complex. Common medical examinations include stool examination, blood routine, biochemistry, X-ray, B-ultrasound, and PCR.

03

Cold

Colds are commonly caused by changes in seasonal temperatures. In childhood and when immunity is weak, symptoms include sneezing, runny nose, and conjunctivitis.

Mild conjunctivitis is common with red and moist eyes, increased eye droppings, large and small eyes, and red and swollen conjunctiva. Sodium hyaluronate (0.1% once in the morning and evening, until the eyes recover) can be used. In severe cases, pus and eye droppings may appear. , Levofloxacin eye drops and ganciclovir eye drops can be used.

If there are abnormalities in the surface, color, or shape of the eyeball, you should be sent to a doctor for examination in time.

If you have slight sneezing and runny nose, your appetite and mental state are normal, you can consider self-healing at home, provide nutrition, keep warm, and exercise.

If it cannot heal on its own and there is an increase in sneezing and yellow pus in the nose, cats over four months old can use doxycycline (10 mg per kilogram of body weight, once a day for two weeks, not swallowed dry) .

Lactoferrin can inhibit cold-related causes and can be tried. If you have lactose intolerance and diarrhea, you need to stop taking it.

Famciclovir can be used for herpes, and interferon can be used for cupping (don’t even think about it if you can’t buy new drugs). If Bosella is present, you should be wary of recurrence of the condition.

If antibiotics cannot suppress it, or if you sneeze and bleed, you should go to the hospital to check whether there are foreign bodies or polyps in your nasal cavity.

If the cat coughs more than five times a month, you should go to the hospital for a lung and bronchial examination. If the cat is found to be listless, has difficulty breathing, and is accompanied by vomiting, the lungs should be checked during a routine examination to Rule out the possibility of white lung or pneumonia.

04

Spontaneous cystitis

The overall general direction: relieve pain, relieve stress, and drink water.

2. Inspection items: , to rule out the possibility of aki, a urine test can be done to check for urinary tract infection.

3. Urinary catheterization: mainly puncture catheterization, using smooth muscle relaxants such as prazosin and sedatives such as gabapentin to try to make the urinary tract unobstructed. Water push method can be considered, but due to insufficient medical conditions , maybe the doctor doesn’t know how to use it, and can only use a catheter. The catheter must be lubricated, cannot be inserted violently, and must be left in place for three days (the urethra is not a socket, so do not plug and pull it out) [In June 2022, it was discovered that prazosin may Lead to higher recurrence rate of obstruction, use with caution]

4. Pain relief

Butorphanol (the most common opioid analgesic), tramadol

Nonsteroidal analgesics (including meloxicam and Bacon) are useless. If they are useless, they are useless. The literature says that they have anti-inflammatory effects when used in combination, but they are basically ignored.

5. Decompression

Completely isolated, quiet, high concentration of Felivi, zylkene.

Gabapentin (10 mg per kilogram of body weight three times a day, non-stop) for a short period of time when the kidneys are still good, strengthens pain relief and calms down, use with caution for kidney disease, as it has side effects of vomiting) (be sure to keep it at home).

Eliminating the source of fright and stress in cats is a must-do to reduce the recurrence of fic

6. Drink water

50ml of water per kilogram of body weight every day, completely wet Food, quit dry food, infusion, and subcutaneous rehydration (full wet food feeding is highly recommended)

7. Crystals/stones

Magnesium ammonium phosphate crystals/stones can use L-methionine, 250 mg per day Try taking it to 500mg for no more than three weeks.

You can only drink more water if you have acid crystals, you need surgery if you have acid stones, and prescription food will aggravate the formation of acid stones.

8. Antibiotics

After violent catheterization, antibiotics can be taken to prevent secondary infections. After urinary tract infection, long-term antibiotics are required (the fic without catheterization is sterile, you After all, it is sterile! )

9. Health products

Cranberry concentrate has been shown to be effective in reducing bacterial adhesion in some literature, and other health products have the effect Both are not good. (Of course, if comforting you is useful, just use it. If you are too anxious, it will also bring stress to the kitten)

05

Body Surface

Standing Wood His lamp. In the case of cat ringworm, there is a half chance of detecting apple green fluorescence. If not found, you should send it to a doctor for examination, dermoscopy and skin sampling. If there are any abnormal lumps, please seek medical treatment as soon as possible.

Terbinafine hydrochloride ointment for cat ringworm is applied externally, and itraconazole is taken orally at 10 mg per kilogram of body weight for three weeks. If it is mild, it will heal on its own with good food and drink.

Folliculitis is essentially a bacterial infection. If it is mild, it can heal on its own, or you can use topical antibiotics. For severe papules, consider taking oral antibiotics.

06

Oral

1. Keep brushing your teeth.

2. Dental calculus causes gingivitis. If it is mild, you can chew some chicken necks/quail necks to freeze-dry (there is a certain risk of choking and tooth decay, but the risk is lower than general anesthesia). If it is severe, you can only wash it. Teeth need to be brushed consistently after cleaning.

3. Redness and swelling of the anterior alveolar mucosa and posterior mucosa are common in chronic stomatitis. If relevant, tooth extraction may be considered (the new drug is also not produced and promoted).

4. If the tooth resorption is not painful enough to affect eating, you can leave it alone. If the pain is severe, you should seek help from a doctor and consider extraction.

07

Constipation

We generally say roughly that when a cat does not poop for three days, or the number of poops is less than three times a week, This cat is constipated, but before this, there should be some situations that are not easily noticed by parents. Specifically, the frequency of defecation has changed from once a day to once every two days (common in dry food households/dry food to meat households), and it is difficult for cats to grow up. , obviously harder, the time to poop increases, the poop obviously becomes thicker and harder from pencil poop/small poop ball, etc.

Colon massage is my most common suggestion for parents to solve constipation. When poop accumulates in the colon, if the cat is not too obese, it can actually be touched (it was also used to treat foreign body obstruction in the past). Squeeze it out hhh) Physically increase intestinal motility, the side effect is probably suffering from the old cat fist.

Increase the intake of acetylcholine. Egg yolks and liver are rich in choline, but this method has a slight effect and requires long-term persistence.

Increase fiber intake, which is often referred to as pumpkin or psyllium husk powder (by the way, wheatgrass, also known as cat grass in the usual sense, does not have much fiber), add 5% to homemade % pumpkin, or 100g of meat, 0.5g-1g of psyllium husk powder (you need to drink a lot of water), or a lot of wool tablets (345678 pieces), you can also use Miscanthus fiber, Miscanthus products on the market Slightly lacking in competition, but easy to use.

Adequate water intake can relieve constipation, both for humans and cats.

Oil can moisturize the intestines and assist defecation, but the effect is not as significant as fiber.

When all health care methods fail, there are two drug options. One is lactulose, 1ml per 4.5kg or 0.5ml per kilogram of body weight, once every 8-12 hours, and the other is polyethylene glycol, 0.5g. -1g/day, you must drink more water. The above dosage can be adjusted according to the actual situation. The side effect is that it will become ineffective after being used for a long time.

Enema to resolve intestinal obstruction.

Surgery, including removal of the foreign object causing the obstruction and partial resection of the colon.

. Sometimes constipation does not manifest as hard stools, but a little thin stools.

. In the treatment of diarrhea, it is common for cats to not defecate for three days after taking medication. At this time, horse killing chicken and fiber adjustment can also be used.

. In severe constipation, vomiting, loss of appetite, stomachache, etc. may occur (note that it should be distinguished from other diseases showing similar symptoms).

Control your weight. Obesity can cause many problems.

08

Joints

Cat joint drugs:

1. Chondroitin and msm: The experimental results in the literature are not good, parent conference It seems to have a certain effect, but the latter seems to be a burden on the kidneys, so it is acceptable to add green mussel extract.

2.psco-524: It has certain effects in the literature, but its analgesic effect is average.

3.UC-Ⅱ: It is a joint health care product that is not yet fully popularized. According to literature and parent feedback, it is more effective in relieving pain than psco-524, but it also has individual differences in cats.

4. Meloxicam/Robacoxil: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which have analgesic effects but are burdensome to the kidneys. Be careful not to share them with hormones and you need to follow the doctor's advice.

5. Butorphanol: You can try it if you are unable to use/worry about the increased use of non-steroidal drugs, but the effect is short-lived and other opioids are strictly controlled and difficult to obtain.

6. Hydrotherapy/Physiotherapy/Acupuncture: Some cats may be intolerant, but it can help improve or maintain vitality.

7. Reset the home: Reduce the vertical drop that is too high, add ramps, stairs, etc. to allow cats to go where they want to go, reduce litter boxes with too high edges, and increase daily grooming.

8. None of the above drugs can prevent arthritis and degenerative joint disease. The disease is related to age, genetics and weight, so there is no need to use it when no symptoms are found. At the same time, if similar symptoms occur It is not recommended to suspect that "the cat is touching porcelain" due to symptoms, and early intervention is acceptable.

The above is the entire content of the article. The article is very long and requires certain professional knowledge to read. As a medical novice, the owner of the public account cannot judge its effectiveness, so you are advised to make your own judgment.